Suitable for soil fertility, low to medium acidity, and good drainage for on-site planting and cultivation. On acidic low-fertility sites in humid tropical and subtropical regions, its growth rate is moderate or above. It is sensitive to site response and will show immature decline, gum flow and sparse crown width on unsuitable sites. It grows best on deep loam soils with annual rainfall greater than 2000-2500 mm and a short dry season. Acacia vulgaris has good wind resistance, but is sensitive to frost and has a low germination rate after being cut close to the ground.
It is an evergreen tree that can reach 25 meters in height and 40 centimeters in diameter at breast height in tropical humid areas. It becomes a dwarf tree in dry sites, no more than 10 meters in height. The bark is firm, medium hard, longitudinally split, gray-brown to reddish brown. Mature leaves are emerald green, oval-lanceolate or sickle-shaped, 10-16 cm long, 1.5-3 cm wide, with three obvious longitudinal veins that converge at the base of the leaf. The base of the leaf has an obvious gland point, and the new shoots are flaky. Silver or golden tomentose, axillary inflorescence, 3-4 cm long, white or yellow-white, slightly fragrant. The fruit is pink-green when immature and spirally coiled when mature. The seeds are arranged in long strips inside the pod, 3-5 mm long and 2-3 mm wide. The embryo is yellow and coiled around the seeds. Flowers bloom from May to June, and seeds mature from October to December.
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